Abstract:-
All the acts relating to the Municipal Solid Waste management all over the world declares solid waste to the ‘asset’ of the Municipal Secretaries. The term ‘asset’ has broad import because on using such term it becomes the responsibility of the Municipal Secretary to manage the same carefully. The primary duty of a person with regard to assets is to safeguard and utilize it economically. Thus although Municipal Waste is of no value to the public, it is of great value to the Municipality.
Unfortunately, some Municipalities of India and other low income countries evade their duties by encouraging the local public to process waste on their own who do not have the time and technology to do the same. As a result the wastes accumulate and remain unprocessed leading to further air, water pollution of residential areas, and wide spreading of diseases like Plague etc.
Our humble suggestion to the Municipalities in this regard is that they may change this attitude and take up their responsibilities themselves to create an unpolluted healthy environment.
Only the biological process like composting, Vermi composting, Anaerobic Digestion and any other suitable biological processes are only recommended by the MSW Act, 2000. And our plant and machinery could be used for all of the above processes
None of the thermal processes are encouraged by the MSW Act because of the formation of unwanted gases like dioxene from plastic etc which will damage the Ozone layer. The external use of bacteria and other inoculums are also not appreciated in the processing of compost as per the authoritative books on the subject – “Fundamentals of Compost”, “Manual for Quality Control of Bio Manures”, Bureau of Indian Standards and the Genetic Engineering Act 5th - Dec-1989 etc are not permitting to use inoculums slurry (artificial / genetic bacteria) in compost processing.
The extent of risk factor involved in the external use of bacteria is not yet confirmed and the marketing of such end-products will be a tedious task as it has happened in some of the already established units in Kerala.
As an industry, the solid waste processing to manufacture bio manure and allied products is an economically viable project at present. As and when all the Municipalities & Corporations in India get engaged in this modern method of conversion the biomass may become a surplus product in the market if it happened with in one or two years time. At that time this industry may not be attractive as it is now. So it is advised to take up this business by the concerned authorities themselves rather than giving it to private companies.
Introduction:-
Automated Management of Municipal Solid waste have been the subject of many researchers. The paper discusses about a machine, which automatically separate and remove the non-biodegradable materials like Plastic, Rubber, and Metal pieces etc, which are major threats ti, the environment. The paper highlights salient features of the plant.
In advanced foreign countries the MSW processing plants are installed at far away vacant lands. The near by residents of the present Municipal Solid Waste processing plants in India are facing very serious pollution problems due to the inappropriate selection of the processing technology, plants and storage procedure. For eg: storage of the MSW in the open place, implementation of wrong technology, chemicals, artificial bacteria (inoculums slurry) etc not approved by the Bureau of Indian Standards Institution for production of compost from MSW and the crude methodology and mechanical mixing to accelerate composting process with in a period of 40 days.
Workshop on eco friendly municipal solid waste management
Considering and the lack of waste land in our country, and as the MSW processing is a must in a densely populated state, we have come out with Anaerobic & Aerobic composting plants approved by the Bureau of Indian Standards.
Discouraging the total collection and storage of MSW in one place, our units are meant to process the waste in restricted total enclosed small areas, in the town itself, there by making it economically viable and profitable at present as it is done in Guruvayoor, (Aerobic Plant) Angyang City, in Korea (Anaerobic Plant)
From 1997 onwards as a tiny step, our company has come out with a novel idea of processing urban waste to manufacture manure and better fuel and developed a machinery and plant. The unique feature of our plant is that the plastic materials are separated by the machine itself (approx 99.5 %) The details of the plant are described in the following sections.
Salient feature of our MSW processing plant (suitable for Aerobic & Anaerobic)
1) This is the only available system in India to process the municipal waste each day. The machine cleans, separate and remove the non-biodegradable waste material such as Plastic, Rubber, Metal pieces etc with out creating any pollution.
2. As our Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) is not a homogeneous mixture, in our process we make it homogeneous to be fit enough for Aerobic composting, Vermi Composting and Anaerobic Digestion. Only the machine capable of instantaneously separating the non biodegradables (mainly plastic etc) and processing the organic matter to the compostable mixture after the removal of toxins. (machine and process are totally patented)
3. The only MSW processing plant and process as per by the Govt bodies – DGS & D, NSIC and Bureau of Indian Standards. The plant can be of stainless steel built as per DGS & D (Quality Assurance) direction and can get a warrantee of 10 years.
4. This plant and machinery is 100% indigenous and up to 5-500 ton pd. capacity.
5. No chemicals or artificial bacteria are involving in our process. This plant can process any solid waste containing heavy fibers, like tender coconut husks, elephant dung and branches of trees, etc.
6. Due to higher rate of oxygenation/aeration in a closed chamber, pollutants are minimized in this plant, hence reducing chances of contagious viral diseases.
7) There is no chance of water pollution. The excess water in the process is recycled and re used.
8) The average power consumption cost is not more than Rs/- 40 - 60 for processing 1 ton MSW in our aerobic process. In this process the production cost for extracting 1 Kg of BMC (Bio Manure Compost) is approx Rs 0.75 only
9). In anaerobic process, the products are fuel and BMC. The fuel extracted from this process can be utilized for running the plant and the excess fuel can be sold. The total production cost for extracting 1 Kg of BMC along with the fuel is approx Rs 0.45 only.
10) Solid waste from fish/meat markets etc can also be processed in this plant.