In yet another revelation, Down To Earth, an Indian Science and Environment magazine has found that 12 major cold drink brands sold in and around Delhi contain a deadly cocktail of pesticide residues. The results are based on tests conducted by the Pollution Monitoring Laboratory (PML) of the Centre for Science and Environment (CSE).

It analysed the contents of 12 cold drink brands sold in and around the capital. They were tested for organochlorine and organophosphorus pesticides and synthetic pyrethroids which are all commonly used in India as insecticides.

The test results are alarming.

All samples contained residues of four extremely toxic pesticides and insecticides: lindane, DDT, malathion and chlorpyrifos. In all samples, levels of pesticide residues far exceeded the maximum residue limit for pesticides in water used as ‘food’, set down by the European Economic Commission (EEC). Each sample had enough poison to cause — in the long term — cancer, damage to the nervous and reproductive systems, birth defects and severe disruption of the immune system.

What the Laboratory Test found

Market leaders Coca-Cola and Pepsi had almost similar concentrations of pesticide residues. Total pesticides in all PepsiCo brands on an average were 0.0180 mg/l (milligramme per litre), 36 times higher than the EEC limit for total pesticides (0.0005 mg/l). Total pesticides in all Coca-Cola brands on an average were 0.0150 mg/l, 30 times higher than the EEC limit.

While contaminants in the ‘Dil mange more’ Pepsi were 37 times higher than the EEC limit, they exceeded the norms by 45 times in the ‘Thanda matlab Coca-Cola’ product.

Mirinda Lemon topped the chart among all the tested brand samples, with a total pesticide concentration of 0.0352 mg/l.

The cold drinks sector in India is a much bigger money-spinner than the bottled water segment. In 2001, Indians consumed over 6,500 million bottles of cold drinks. Its growing popularity means that children and teenagers, who glug these bottles, are drinking a toxic potion.

PML also tested two soft drink brands sold in the US, to see if they contained pesticides and found that they did not have them.

CSE lab test found that the regulations for the powerful and massive soft drinks industry are much weaker and the norms that exist to regulate the quality of cold drinks are meaningless. This "food" sector is virtually unregulated. Bottled water is food but common drinking water is not considred food.

Indian Prevention of Food Adulteration (PFA) Act of 1954, or the Fruit Products Order (FPO) of 1955 which are both mandatory acts aimed at regulating the quality of contents in beverages such as cold drinks but they do not even provide for regulation of pesticides in soft drinks. The FPO, under which the industry gets its licence to operate, has standards for lead and arsenic that are 50 times higher than those allowed for the bottled water industry.

The sector is also exempted from the provisions of industrial licensing under the Industries (Development and Regulation) Act, 1951. It gets a one-time license to operate from the ministry of food processing industries; this license includes a no-objection certificate from the local government as well as the state pollution control board, and a water analysis report. There are no environmental impact assessments, or siting regulations. Its use of water is not regulated.

It reveals that the regulations have been designed in total disregard for public health. The global players which are two giant corporations used to swear by the principles of corporate responsibility and global standards have been caught with their pants down in the act. This happened because of the impotent, weak and nonsensical regulatory standards in India which have a track record of being easily manipulated.